welkom earthquake 1976

We're aiming to achieve uninterrupted service wherever an earthquake or volcano eruption unfolds, and your donations can make it happen! Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland . [1] Support us - Help us upgrade our services! 5.2 earthquake - 8.5 km west of Welkom, South Africa, on Wednesday, 8 December 1976 at 08:38 (GMT) The city also hosts several major industries such as Coca-Cola and South African Breweries. Four men were arrested and charged with the assault. Found inside – Page 7Earthquake studies in the People's Republic of China : Trans . ... critical values such as the one on 8 December 1976 in Welkom , Orange Free State . (next to Allanridge). The most significant damage caused was the total collapse of a six-storey block of flats about 75 minutes after the event. please share your experience and submit a short "I felt it" report. 26 September 1990 Welkom: 4.2 2 An earthquake measuring 5.5 on the Richter scale hit the Stilfontein-Klerksdorp-Orkney region on Tuesday, 5 . Much of the history of Welkom is centred around the discovery of gold in the northwestern Free State. Found inside – Page 277Several of the benchmark studies of mine seismicity in the deep South African gold mines have resulted in the belief that no fundamental distinction in the source mechanism exists between tectonic earthquakes and rock bursts (MCGARR, 1984); ... Tangshan Earthquake 1976 5 W's and H When-July 28 1976 at 4 am Where-Tangshan,Hebei China What-7.8 Earthquake Who-Peoples republic of China How-Amurian plate sliding past the eurasian plate. On 20 March 1990, Welkom was struck by a multi-vortex tornado which went through the suburbs. A machine-plotted epicenter map is included to provide a large-scale impression of the distribution of these earthquakes. also in Free State, on December 8, 1976, leaving four miners . List of earthquakes in 1976. Found inside – Page iiPreface. Dedication. List of Figures. List of Tables. List of Contributors. Basic Behavior and Site Characterization. 1. Introduction; R.K. Rowe. 2. Basic Soil Mechanics; P.V. Lade. 3. Earthquake Magnitude • Measures the "size" of an earthquake . 5 Aug 2014. The De Rust Private Nature Reserve[13] is situated about 25 km from Welkom on the Kroonstad road and is registered with the Free State Department of Nature Conservation. But the Theatre had very little damage, if any at all. Earthquakes in South Africa Mining related 5 Stilfontein, 2005. The deadliest known-earthquake in Mzansi occurred in December 1976, when a seismic reading of 5.2 caused the deaths of four miners in Welkom, Free State. The most significant damage caused was the total collapse of a six-storey block of flats about 75 minutes after the event. Prospecting intensified and the first high values of gold were discovered in 1939. 5.2 magnitude earthquake 8 km from Welkom, Orange Free State, South Africa 1976-12-08 08:38:25 UTC UTC time: Wednesday, December 08, 1976 08:38 AM Staff Writer 6 August 2014. | South African History Online. The district is mostly covered by non-arable, moderate potential grazing land as well as marginal potential arable land. Lourens Prinsloo -rugby player, who matriculated at Welkom- Gimnasium, Elinda Vorster(Rademeyer)- South African athlete who competed for South Africa to reach the semi-finals of the Women's 200 metres event at the 1992 Summer Olympics inside the Estadi Olimpic de Montjuic in Barcelona, Spain in August 1992, who matriculated at Welkom- Gimnasium. Towards the south and east, reefs sub-crop against overlying strata, eventually cutting out against the Karoo to the east of the area. "We've had 5.2 [magnitude] in Welkom in 1976, we've had 4.7 Carletonville in 1992, and in 2011 we had five magnitude in the Augrabies, in the Northern Cape." According to the Council for Geoscience, a 5.3 magnitude earthquake struck the same region in the North West in 2005. one of the vehicles trapped under tons of cracked masonry when an earthquake struck Welkom in the 1970s. Found inside – Page 36Considerable damage in Welkom Nov. 30 Northern 88 6.5 mp Chile Dec. 8 33 5.2 m Republic of South Africa area . ... 121 ° 15 ' o 1976 , EARTHQUAKE GILROY ENT. [12] The dominant grass species are Hyparrhenia hirta, Themeda triandra, Sporobolus pyramidalis, Eragrostis sp, Aristida sp, and other grasses and herbs. Σεισμοί κοντά σε Welkom Ο καιρός για σήμερα » Μακροπρόθεσμη 30 ημερών Πρόγνωση του καιρού για την Welkom Καιρικά φαινόμενα καταγράφηκαν κατά τα προηγούμενα έτη σε Welkom: Βίντεο This text is intended as a handbook for geophysicists and mining and rock mechanics engineers working at mines. In 2021, a number of 0 (strong to major) earthquakes were recorded worldwide, of which: 0 earthquakes between Mw 6.5 and Mw 6.9, 0 earthquakes between Mw 7.0 and Mw 7.9, 0 earthquakes between Mw 8.0 and Mw 8.9 and 0 earthquakes greater than Mw 9.0 The area needed to be tested by drilling, and the first borehole was started on 5 May 1933. [4], On 20 March 1990, Welkom was struck by a multi-vortex tornado which went through the suburbs. Touring down for a soulmate who falls in category of beauty? During the decline of the Apartheid era, race relations were particularly problematic as many White South Africans felt threatened by the eventuality of a regime change. II Abstract . If the content contained herein violates any of your rights, including those of copyright, and/or violates any the above mentioned factors, you are requested to immediately notify us using via the following email address operanews-external(at)opera.com and/or report the article using the available reporting functionality built into our Platform. . Despite being the top province for farming, the province was previously famous for being on the list for violent crimes. I Look 24 But I'm actually 42- Lady Says On Twitter, On 8 December 1976, Welkom experienced an earthquake measuring 5.2 on the. ; Carlson, K.B. St Helena Gold Mine is not a working mine any more. The town became a municipality in 1961. The Griffons Rugby Union[25] was formed in 1968 when the late Dr Danie Craven, then the President of SA Rugby spread the game to rural areas in South Africa, Welkom was one of four new provinces formed and called North-Free State. Only earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above are included, unless they result in damage and/or casualties, or are notable for some other reason. An earthquake in Welkom, OFS, devastates the flat block Tempesthof. The epicenter is located at longitude 26.653 and latitude -27.952. This is the wiki of "List of earthquakes in 1976". The city's Sotho name, Matjhabeng means 'where nations meet', derived from the migrant labour system, where people of various countries such as Lesotho, Malawi and Mozambique etc. Sapa. This association of major seismic events with movements on faults was probably first dramatically demonstrated by the Welkom 'earthquake' in 1976 . The track features a 4,24 km road course as well as a 2,4 km banked oval track similar to the Las Vegas Motor Speedway in Nevada. A Tricesimo's boy, Mario Garlatti, was pouring again a passag. Social distance, face mask and sanitize (hygiene), Content created and supplied by: Mzansibestcreationsfromabove (via Opera News ), Opera News is a free to use platform and the views and opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not represent, reflect or express the views of Opera News. Bennie Greyling- 2nd youngest boy in the world to run a dream mile in 1982, Gerrie Sonnekus- Springbok rugby player, who matriculated at Welkom- Gimnasium. This book provides practising SA structural design engineers with the background to and justification for the changes proposed in the new SANS 10160 standard. SECRET FEELED BY THE INHABITANTS OF WELKOM A magnitude 3.6 earthquake occurred around 12:38 p.m. and was followed by another magnitude 2.6 earthquake at 12:58 p.m. … The deadliest known-earthquake in Mzansi occurred in December 1976, when a seismic reading of 5.2 caused the deaths of four miners in Welkom, Free State. Located about 7.5 km from Welkom, a kimberlite pipe, was discovered in 1890 and mined from a single shaft until the start of the Boer War in 1899. Opera News is a free to use platform and the views and opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not represent, reflect or express the views of Opera News. The Council for GeoScience in South Africa has confirmed that it recorded three earthquakes on Wednesday in South Africa. Finally, the most recent earthquake hit . Found inside – Page 390Welkom : ISS International . lio , Y. and Fukao , Y. ( 1992 ) Call for joining international experiment in South African gold mines . News Letter Seismol . Within the channels, grades are excellent, but this falls away to nothing, outside of the channels. Welkom is located on the south-western corner of the Witwatersrand Basin. This publication is available online at, James, D.E. The second major reef is the Leader Reef, located 15-20m above the Basal Reef. Welkom's beautiful women drops along the side of Durban,KZN and Cape Town,WC. Found inside – Page 33... mining-related (ML5.3,9 March tremors 2005).52 in Welkom (ML8 December 1976)51 ... The impoundment of large reservoirs triggers local earthquakes, ... Various other maintenance industries and services are well founded in Welkom which include engineering, and mechanical repairs. [5], The mining company Pamodzi Gold applied for bankruptcy in 2009 even though it was sitting atop one of the richest and consistently-producing gold veins in the world. Moderate mag. en On 8 December 1976, Welkom experienced an earthquake measuring 5.2 on the Richter magnitude scale. There is a goods rail link with Hennenman to the main Johannesburg – Bloemfontein line. 5 Proto teams went down. The construction of this building commenced in 1964. Staff Writer 6 August 2014. Welkom has contributed 21% to the free world's gold sales. The section of the reserve able to be mined covers an area of more than 23,500 hectares.[21]. Welkom's economy centres on the mining of gold and uranium and is the hub of the Free State Goldfields. It was proclaimed a town in 1948, nine years after a major gold discovery was made in Odendaalsrus, just north of Welkom. (For gold ores to be payable in South Africa, the grade must typically exceed 960 cengrams – the equivalent of 8 grams per ton over a 120 cm stope width, which after dilution will yield 4g/t in the mill). Found inside – Page 3552However , although all rockbursts generate seismic events , all seismic ... in 1976 an earth tremor of magnitude 5.1 damaged several buildings in Welkom in ... We present results of two events: the M=5.1 April 1999 Matjhabeng earthquake (Welkom), which was the last of three earthquakes with M larger than 4.0 along the Dagbreek fault since 1976, and for the M=3.7, 1997 earthquake that formed a new fault-zone in Hartebeestfontein mine, Klerksdorp. Any/all written content and images displayed are provided by the blogger/author, appear herein as submitted by the blogger/author and are unedited by Opera News. Aggrieved residents of the city then sought to humiliate him to dissuade him from authorising the erection of the facility, by assaulting him and a security guard, while he was officiating at the event. Mining continued after the war until a major aquifer, which was encountered at a depth of 259m, forced the mine to close. Welkom is situated on two vegetation units, the Western Free State Clay Grassland and Vaal-Vet Sandy Grassland, these are differentiated by soil types, rainfall and frost. Petra Diamonds operated the Star mine, a fissure 40 km south of Welkom. [5][6][7], On 26 September 1990, Welkom experienced a seismic event with a magnitude of 4.2, which resulted in two deaths and five injuries. It receives the lowest rainfall (0 mm) in July and the highest (70 mm) in January. Geophysicists differ on the extent to which they think that individual reports of unusual lighting near the time and epicenter of an earthquake actually represent EQL: some doubt that any of the reports constitute solid The 1969 earthquake remains the most destructive earthquake in South African history. The earthquake occurred in the Tulbagh area and measured 6.3 on the Richter scale, stronger than that of the 1809 Cape Town earthquake which destroyed a local Milnerton farm. A selected mining cut on the most economic horizon is often undertaken. Maximum intensities are indicated on the Mercalli intensity scale and are sourced from United States Geological Survey (USGS) ShakeMap data. The 1969 Tulbagh earthquake remains the most destructive earthquake in South African history. Recent years have seen at least four mining induced tremors causing significant damage (Welkom 1976, Klerksdorp 1977, Welkom 1989 and Carletonville 1992). 11/19/1994 10:59:02 PM UTC. A 2007 palaeontological study done in greater Matjhabeng began a programme of excavation of an early Pliocene locality. There are currently 33 large traffic circles. The Council for GeoScience in South Africa confirmed that it recorded three earthquakes Wednesday in South Africa. Found inside – Page 109However , although all rockbursts generate seismic events , all seismic events associated with mining activity are not rockbursts . Cook ( 1976 ) suggested ... Finally, the most recent earthquake hit . He too did not succeed in obtaining any interest from companies until October 1932, when he presented his findings to Allan Roberts and Mannie Jacobs. The Earthquake (1976) Reviews on Cinafilm.com - The Earthquake has generally received mixed reviews. It is commonly overlain by shale, which thickens northwards. The Great Earthquake of 1976 . The present report covers the year 1976 dur­ ing which 307 earthquakes were reliably located. M=5.3. This is a list of earthquakes in 1976. Welkom hosts a number of public and private hospitals as well as several specialised clinics: Various hospices also exist. Photo: Vista archive quake thought a . Heavy machinery support for mining can be found in the Voorspoed area. This process did not result in any acceptable offers for the mines and Star was subsequently placed into care and maintenance. Any/all written content and images displayed are provided by the blogger/author, appear herein as submitted by the blogger/author and are unedited by Opera News. United States Geological Survey National Geophysical Data Center Moment magnitude scale. Flamingo Pan is coded as an Important Bird Area (IBA)[9]. Widespread damage to many other buildings was experienced throughout the city. Reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics (PAGEOPH), Volume 147 (1996), No. 2 Prospector Arthur Megson heard of their venture and decided to investigate near the town of Odendaalsrus in 1904. In 1976 Welkom suffered a severe earthquake and many buildings were damaged and even collapsed. The National Party mayor ran foul of his White constituency when he proposed the opening of a taxi rank in the business district of Welkom. Christo Ferreira- Springbok rugby player, Thomas Liversage – ATP Tennis Player, who matriculated at Welkom- Gimnasium, Daan Liversage – rugby player, who matriculated at Welkom- Gimnasium, Pedrie de Klerk - Hockey player completed school at Naudeville, This page was last edited on 16 September 2021, at 05:43. The B Reef is a highly channelised ore-body located 140m stratigraphically above the Basal Reef. Welkom normally receives about 401 mm to 550 mm of rain per year, dependent on wet or dry cycles, with most rainfall occurring mainly during mid-summer. Click here to search our database for earlier earthquakes in the same area since 1900! The most significant damage caused was the total collapse of a six-storey block of flats about 75 minutes after the event. Routine seismic monitoring in mines was introduced over 30 years ago with two main objectives in mind: • immediate location of larger seIsmIC events to guide rescue operations; • prediction of large rockmass instabilities. No one was injured or killed when the entire block of flats came down. Jacobs managed to interest two men, Fritz Marx and Peter Woolf, in the venture and the Wit Extensions Company was formed later that year. The quake centered on a fault line that cuts a latitudinal path through the country's midsection. Mmusa Moleli – Molmad Ark Agency Founder since 2017, who matriculated at Welkom Gimnasium. The earthquake was felt over a 38,000 square mile area. On 14 February 1968, after 21 years of existence, Welkom received city status, and celebrated this event with the opening of the Civic Centre by Mrs Martie du Plessis. [15], The Free State Goldfields are divided into two sections,[16] cut by the north–south striking De Bron Fault. They returned to England to test the samples they had extracted, but died before reaching their destination when their ship sank in the Bay of Biscay. Opera News does not consent to nor does it condone the posting of any content that violates the rights (including the copyrights) of any third party, nor content that may malign, inter alia, any religion, ethnic group, organization, gender, company, or individual. Welkom is served by a small airport. An earthquake expert . 16 km. Found insideThis volume provides the current state of the science of forecasting La Nina as well as case studies of La Nina impacts around the world and in different economic sectors. During Apartheid in the years of segregation, the townships of Thabong and Bronville were established for black and Coloured people, respectively. 's homeground is the Zuka Baloyi Stadium, a multi-sport facility, that is currently mostly used for soccer. Maybe you can snatch some fashion trends from this pictures. Latest important earthquakes; 5,1: Earthquakesouthern East Pacific Rise: 4,5: Earthquake Sera: 5,5 With subsequent increasing use of sophisticated seismological monitoring systems on the deep gold mines it has now become broadly accepted that fault-slip is the more common mechanism for mine . Maintaining our website and our free apps does require, however, considerable time and resources. Welkom 1976, Klerksdorp 1977, Welkom 1989 and Carletonville 1992 seismic events. Gold Museum – A complete history of gold and its mining and production was on display. The earthquake hit South Africa the Wednesday, December 8, 1976 at 08:38 with a magnitude of 5.2. If you felt this quake (or if you were near the epicenter), User reports estimate the perceived ground shaking intensity according to the, Based on its magnitude, the fault that was active during the quake ruptured along a surface of approx. Two earthquakes occurred in and around Welkom in the Freestate on Wednesday. Welkom's airport is also used on a regular basis for hang gliding championships on a National and International basis. It was eventually re-opened by Samada Diamonds Pty Ltd and closed again in the early 1990s. Dips occur mostly towards the east, averaging 30 degrees but this becomes steeper approaching the De Bron Fault. This weather event proved to be the most devastating recorded, from the financial and insurance point of view, in South Africa to date, destroying 4,000 homes. [18], According to the 2011 census, Welkom proper had a population of 64,130 people in an area of 167.55 square kilometres (64.69 sq mi), a population density of 382.76 inhabitants per square kilometre (991.3/sq mi). In Sept 2016 Harmony Gold and its partner White Rivers Exploration declared a as to then unknown gold ore body near the current Target shaft. 8 December 1976 Welkom: 5.2 4 Miners. Found inside – Page 65... 2002 (MR197607A001*) Dec 8, 1976 President Brand Gold Mine, Welkom, Freestate, ... Collapse of a mining section during the Tangshan earthquake. A brief history of some of the noteworthy earthquakes in the Goldfields area since 1976: On 8 December 1976, Tempest Court in Welkom collapsed after an event measuring 5,2 on the Richter Scale. To the east of the fault, a dip occurs towards the west at 20 degrees, although structurally complex dips of up to 40 degrees have also been measured. Phenomena such as sheet lightning, balls of light, streamers, and steady glows, reported in association with earthquakes are called earthquake lights (EQL). ; Kennedy, A.M.; Stidham, T.A. 8 December 1976. Large saline pans such as Flamingo Pan and Theronia Pan are situated to the south-west of Welkom. No one was injured or killed when the entire block of flats came down. The shock was centered on the Motagua Fault, about 160km northeast of Guatemala City at a depth of Template:Convert near the town of Los Amates in the department of Izabal.1 Cities throughout the country suffered damage, and most adobe type houses in the outlying . In total, 29 taxa, including the oldest Ancylotherium and Megalotragus fossils in southern Africa were recovered. DOI link for The Great Earthquake of 1976. The violent crimes rate has been minimal since the start of hard lockdown. Opera News furthermore does not condone the use of our platform for the purposes encouraging/endorsing hate speech, violation of human rights and/or utterances of a defamatory nature. This is a list of earthquakes in 1976. [2] It now falls in the Matjhabeng Municipality, part of the Lejweleputswa District. Found inside – Page 32earthquake. near. Welkom,. 8. December. 1976. The ML5.2 Welkom earthquake was the first seismic event in a mining district to cause serious damage to ... Museum of Welkom – The public library houses a display of the discovery of gold in Welkom, the town's history and bird and animal life indigenous to this region. In 2010, Harmony Gold subsequently acquired President Steyn from the now liquidated Pamodzi Gold and resumed operations. The strongest earthquake since 1976 for the nation left at least 52 dead and thousands of others without homes, electricity and water. Being beautiful is an easy task once you know hygiene. Fernandez LM, Guzman JA (1976) The seismic history of southern Africa. 7.51 km from Ovalle. Inspired? The earthquake, combined with the tsunami, has been described as the world's deadliest natural disaster since 1976 - with the tsunami in particular the most damaging in recorded history. Light mag. Although it caused damage to buildings and underground mining infrastructure across the city, the most significant was the collapse of a six-storey block of flats approximately 75 . Found inside – Page ivNonrenewable natural resources – metallic and non-metallic minerals, industrial rocks and energy resources (both organic and inorganic), have been treated in a holistic manner in this book, including two important resources (soil and ... Pretoria: DEAT. Found inside – Page 55Welkom, a town in the northern Free State Province, was struck by a mining-induced earthquake in 1976, causing the total collapse of some buildings (Fig. . A number of other major faults lie parallel to the De Bron Fault. This is a list of earthquakes in 1976. The Great Earthquake of 1976 . An earthquake measuring 5.5 on the Richter scale hit the Stilfontein-Klerksdorp-Orkney region on Tuesday, 5 . The circuit hosted MotoGP's South African motorcycle Grand Prix from 1999 to 2004.[24]. [1] 60.7% of the inhabitants described themselves as "Black African", 26.9% as "White", 11.1% as "Coloured" and 0.9% as "Indian or Asian".[1]. Template:Use dmy dates Template:Short description Template:Infobox earthquake The 1976 Tangshan earthquake, also known as Great Tangshan earthquake,1 was a natural disaster resulting from a Template:M 7.6 earthquake that hit the region around Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China on 28 July 1976, at 3:42 in the morning. Until a few years ago It was still possible to visit the mine and its wine cellar at 857m below surface but it does not exist any more. Free State is also one of the topping provinces with high matric pass rates.Here images of the beautiful women who comes from Welkom. Local Apartheid Memorial – commemorating local citizen's contribution to the Struggle in the, Wernhill Shopping centre (Main shop Checkers (supermarket chain)), Welkom Shopping Centre (Main shop Pick 'n pay), Welkom retail centre (Main shops OK & Shoprite), Welkom Technical High(H.T.S) – established in 1961, St Vincenzo School for the Deaf (located at St. Dominic's Catholic Church), FET College Goldfields – geared towards employment opportunities. For instance, on a given river, the flood quantile corresponding to the 50-year flood might be 10,000 cubic feet per second (cfs) and the flood quantile corresponding to the 100-year flood might be 15,000 cfs. The monthly distribution of average daily maximum temperatures ranges from 17 °C in June to 29 °C in January. The grasslands surrounding Welkom also include small mammal communities of yellow mongoose, ground squirrel, Cape porcupine, African mole-rat, pouched mouse, large-eared mouse, four-stripe grass mouse, and multimammate mouse. This is mostly mined at shafts to the south. Only earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above are included, unless they result in damage and/or casualties, or are notable for some other reason. Trees and shrubs are infrequent due to heavy frost in the winter months. The closest city with more than 15.000 habitants is Welkom (South Africa - ZA). Geological survey report number Gh2259, 18 pp South Africa. Geological survey report number Gh2259, 18 pp The 1969 Ceres 6.3 magnitude earthquake is considered the most destructive and caused serious damage estimated at US$24 million, with 12 mortalities and many more injured. Alternatively if driving south to Bloemfontein via the R30 through Brandfort. Welkom is well known for its efficient road traffic design mainly through the use of traffic circles, which has been the basis of worldwide studies. The reef consists of multiple conglomerate units, separated by thin quartzitic zones, often totalling up to 4 metres thick. Opera News does not consent to nor does it condone the posting of any content that violates the rights (including the copyrights) of any third party, nor content that may malign, inter alia, any religion, ethnic group, organization, gender, company, or individual. 3.6 earthquake - 4.3 km southeast of Welkom, South Africa, on 2021-07-14 12:38:19 SAST (GMT+02:00) - Found inside – Page 297The convent chronicle records that “ on 8th December 1976 , at 10.40 in the morning , an earthquake rocked Welkom . A six - storey flat building , very near ... Book Managing Famine, Flood and Earthquake in China. SA earthquake big, but not uncommon. 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